True-red fluorescent protein TurboFP602

- Bright true-red fluorescence
- Fast maturation
- High pH stability
- Optimized for common filter sets
- Recommended for gene expression analysis and cell labeling in autofluorescent environment

TurboFP602 is a red-shifted variant of the red fluorescent protein from sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor [Merzlyak et al., 2007]. TurboFP602 possesses true-red fluorescence (with excitation/emission maxima at 574/602 nm, respectively), optimal for detection via most popular filter sets, and is easily distinguished from background signals. TurboFP602 exhibits fast maturation and high pH stability. TurboFP602 is mainly intended for applications where fast appearance of true-red fluorescence is crucial. It is specially recommended for cell and organelle labeling and for tracking the promoter activity in autofluorescent tissues.

Main properties

TurboFP602 normalized excitation (thin line) and emission (thick line) spectra. Download TurboFP602 spectra (xls)

CHARACTERISTIC *Brightness is a product of extinction coefficient and quantum yield, divided by 1000. Molecular weight, kDa 26.28 Polypeptide length, aa 231 Fluorescence color true-red Excitation maximum, nm 574 Emission maximum, nm 602 Quantum yield 0.35 Extinction coefficient, M-1cm-1 74 400 Brightness* 26 Brightness, % of EGFP 79 pKa 4.7 Structure dimer Aggregation no Maturation rate at 37°C fast Photostability medium Cell toxicity not observed Main advantages true-red fluorescent protein, ideal compatibility with popular filter sets Possible limitations dimer, limited applicability for fusions generation

Recommended filter sets and antibodies

TurboFP602 can be recognized using Anti-tRFP antibody (Cat.# AB231-AB232) available from Evrogen.

TurboFP602 can be detected using TRITC filter set or similar. Recommended Omega Optical filter sets are QMAX-Red and XF102-2.

Performance and use

TurboFP602 can be expressed and detected in a wide range of organisms. Mammalian cells transiently transfected with TurboFP602 expression vectors give bright fluorescent signals within 8-12 hrs after transfection. No cell toxic effects and visible protein aggregation are observed.

Despite its dimeric structure, TurboFP602 demonstrates successful performance in fusions with subcellular localization signals and many cellular proteins. However, we recommend that you use specially optimized protein localization TagFPs to select a reporter for such purposes.

TurboFP602 suitability to generate stably transfected cells has been proven by Marinpharm company. Cell lines expressing TurboFP602 are commercially available.

TurboFP602 can be used in multicolor labeling applications with cyan, green, yellow, and red (orange) fluorescent dyes.

TurboFP602 expression in mammalian cells. (A) Transiently transfected Phoenix cells; (B) transiently transfected HeLa cells expressing mitochondria-targeted TurboFP602; (C) stably transfected human melanoma cell line Mel-Juso. Image (C) was kindly provided by Dr. Christian Petzelt (Marinpharm).

Available variants and fusions

TurboFP602 codon usage is optimized for high expression in mammalian cells [Haas et al., 1996], but it can be successfully expressed in many other heterological systems.

TurboFP602-mito fusion: A mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) is linked to the TurboFP602 N-terminus. MTS was derived from the subunit VIII of human cytochrome C oxidase [Rizzuto et al., 1989; Rizzuto et al., 1995]. When expressed in mammalian cells, this variant provides red fluorescent labeling of mitochondria.